Consolidated Edison, Inc. (ED) Stock Total Returns
Growth of $10,000 chart
2021-04-14 to 2026-04-14 to
$
%
%
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Investment Performance
Final Value
$16,883
Total Return
68.83%
CAGR
11.04%
Dividends
$2,302.79
Yield on Cost
23.03%
Rolling Returns
1-Month (21 Trading Days)
| Average | +1.02% |
| Median | +1.09% |
| Best | +14.79% |
| Worst | -19.94% |
| % of Windows Positive | 56.9% |
1-Year (252 Trading Days)
| Average | +10.47% |
| Median | +9.34% |
| Best | +40.41% |
| Worst | -10.52% |
| % of Windows Positive | 78.1% |
3-Year (756 Trading Days)
| Average | +27.22% |
| Median | +26.26% |
| Best | +58.68% |
| Worst | +2.83% |
| % of Windows Positive | 100.0% |
Risk Metrics
| Maximum Drawdown | -22.03% |
| Average Drawdown | -6.16% |
| Drawdown Duration | 417 Trading Days |
| Sortino Ratio | 0.94 |
| Calmar Ratio | 0.50 |
| CVaR (5%) | -2.60% |
Yearly Returns
| Year | Percentage | Abs. Return | Dividends | Taxes | Trans. Costs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 partial | +13.14% (+54.27% ann.) | +$1313.86 | $89.41 | $17.88 | $0.14 |
| 2025 | +14.37% | +$1437.41 | $385.02 | $77.00 | $0.62 |
| 2024 | +0.86% | +$86.45 | $368.92 | $73.78 | $0.59 |
| 2023 | -1.82% | $182.15 | $343.54 | $68.71 | $0.55 |
| 2022 | +14.83% | +$1483.48 | $374.35 | $74.87 | $0.60 |
| 2021 | +21.98% | +$2197.56 | $434.38 | $86.88 | $0.70 |
| 2020 | -17.61% | $1760.88 | $342.04 | $68.41 | $0.55 |
| 2019 | +21.69% | +$2168.65 | $391.34 | $78.27 | $0.63 |
| 2018 | -7.31% | $730.77 | $340.45 | $68.09 | $0.54 |
| 2017 | +18.46% | +$1846.35 | $378.61 | $75.72 | $0.61 |
| 2016 | +18.06% | +$1806.08 | $421.62 | $84.32 | $0.67 |
| 2015 | +0.58% | +$58.44 | $398.74 | $79.75 | $0.64 |
| 2014 | +23.70% | +$2369.58 | $462.21 | $92.44 | $0.74 |
| 2013 | +2.92% | +$292.44 | $448.55 | $89.71 | $0.72 |
| 2012 | -7.49% | $748.74 | $394.94 | $78.99 | $0.63 |
| 2011 | +29.66% | +$2965.57 | $490.96 | $98.19 | $0.79 |
| 2010 | +13.73% | +$1372.87 | $532.47 | $106.49 | $0.85 |
| 2009 | +22.41% | +$2241.48 | $617.48 | $123.50 | $0.99 |
| 2008 | -16.69% | $1669.02 | $487.07 | $97.41 | $0.78 |
| 2007 | +5.62% | +$561.86 | $489.55 | $97.91 | $0.78 |
| 2006 | +8.04% | +$803.93 | $504.18 | $100.84 | $0.81 |
| 2005 | +10.21% | +$1021.20 | $529.10 | $105.82 | $0.85 |
| 2004 | +6.19% | +$619.42 | $534.16 | $106.83 | $0.85 |
| 2003 | +5.07% | +$507.47 | $532.19 | $106.44 | $0.85 |
| 2002 | +10.62% | +$1062.16 | $558.73 | $111.74 | $0.89 |
| 2001 | +9.66% | +$966.21 | $581.59 | $116.32 | $0.93 |
| 2000 | +17.53% | +$1752.51 | $644.64 | $128.93 | $1.03 |
| 1999 | -32.09% | $3209.22 | $410.45 | $82.09 | $0.66 |
| 1998 | +33.81% | +$3380.81 | $524.70 | $104.94 | $0.84 |
| 1997 | +48.38% | +$4837.97 | $736.10 | $147.22 | $1.18 |
| 1996 | -3.04% | $304.31 | $668.45 | $133.69 | $1.07 |
| 1995 | +30.60% | +$3059.98 | $809.79 | $161.96 | $1.30 |
| 1994 | -15.05% | $1505.16 | $635.76 | $127.15 | $1.02 |
| 1993 | +3.04% | +$303.79 | $604.70 | $120.94 | $0.97 |
| 1992 | +20.04% | +$2004.38 | $677.32 | $135.46 | $1.08 |
| 1991 | +28.64% | +$2863.87 | $805.73 | $161.15 | $1.29 |
| 1990 | -13.88% | $1388.35 | $638.46 | $127.69 | $1.02 |
| 1989 | +32.41% | +$3241.44 | $756.15 | $151.23 | $1.21 |
| 1988 | +16.43% | +$1642.64 | $583.71 | $116.74 | $0.93 |
| 1987 | -6.62% | $661.91 | $640.65 | $128.13 | $1.03 |
| 1986 | +25.18% | +$2517.50 | $691.60 | $138.32 | $1.11 |
| 1985 | +36.18% | +$3618.02 | $798.74 | $159.75 | $1.28 |
| 1984 | +32.58% | +$3257.59 | $878.81 | $175.76 | $1.41 |
| 1983 | +29.06% | +$2906.09 | $941.77 | $188.36 | $1.51 |
| 1982 | +36.05% | +$3605.34 | $1064.66 | $212.93 | $1.71 |
| 1981 | +39.62% | +$3961.50 | $991.93 | $198.39 | $1.59 |
| 1980 | +12.37% | +$1237.49 | $1143.90 | $228.78 | $1.83 |
| 1979 | +14.05% | +$1405.16 | $1088.50 | $217.70 | $1.74 |
| 1978 | -1.62% | $162.15 | $892.31 | $178.46 | $1.44 |
| 1977 | +28.01% | +$2801.11 | $790.22 | $158.04 | $1.27 |
| 1976 | +50.41% | +$5041.15 | $1096.94 | $219.39 | $1.75 |
| 1975 | +116.44% | +$11644.32 | $1649.79 | $329.94 | $2.64 |
| 1974 | -57.55% | $5755.00 | $459.33 | $91.88 | $0.74 |
| 1973 | -20.26% | $2026.27 | $736.25 | $147.25 | $1.17 |
| 1972 | +2.20% | +$219.81 | $710.28 | $142.06 | $1.13 |
| 1971 | +1.06% | +$105.51 | $555.31 | $111.06 | $0.88 |
| 1970 partial | +3.96% (+3.99% ann.) | +$396.47 | $550.75 | $110.14 | $0.89 |
Market Regimes
| Regime | Period | Percentage | Annual | Abs. Return | Dividends | Taxes | Trans. Costs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dot-com bubble / TMT mania | August 9, 1995 – March 10, 2000 | +18.74% | +3.82% | +$1873.64 | $3884.04 | $776.81 | $6.21 |
| Dot-com bust / post-bubble disinflation scare | March 13, 2000 – October 9, 2002 | +65.63% | +21.66% | +$6562.64 | $2098.38 | $419.68 | $3.36 |
| China-WTO / housing-credit / commodity boom | October 10, 2002 – October 9, 2007 | +38.39% | +6.72% | +$3839.08 | $2972.33 | $594.47 | $4.76 |
| GFC / deleveraging / dollar shortage | October 10, 2007 – March 9, 2009 | -25.93% | -19.14% | $2592.99 | $764.48 | $152.90 | $1.22 |
| Policy-led rebound / euro-sovereign-crisis overlay | March 10, 2009 – July 25, 2012 | +113.17% | +25.13% | +$11316.98 | $2446.05 | $489.21 | $3.91 |
| Secular stagnation / QE / low inflation / duration bull | July 26, 2012 – February 19, 2020 | +84.88% | +8.46% | +$8487.80 | $3671.25 | $734.25 | $5.87 |
| Pandemic shock / liquidity crash | February 20, 2020 – March 23, 2020 | -30.91% | -98.53% | $3090.51 | $0.00 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
| Policy bazooka / monetary euphoria | March 24, 2020 – November 6, 2020 | +12.21% | +20.36% | +$1220.69 | $217.92 | $43.58 | $0.35 |
| Reopening reflation / fiscal boom / supply bottlenecks | November 9, 2020 – November 29, 2021 | +5.52% | +5.23% | +$552.05 | $495.52 | $99.10 | $0.79 |
| Inflation shock / duration crash / aggressive tightening | November 30, 2021 – November 9, 2022 | +15.27% | +16.28% | +$1526.79 | $307.51 | $61.50 | $0.49 |
| Disinflation rebound / AI-led narrow bull / higher-for-longer | November 10, 2022 – September 17, 2024 | +21.59% | +11.12% | +$2159.05 | $735.09 | $147.02 | $1.18 |
| Disinflationary easing / resilient growth / AI capex under oil-shock test partial | September 18, 2024 – April 14, 2026 | +12.43% | +7.76% | +$1243.28 | $503.64 | $100.73 | $0.81 |
Dividend History
Annual Dividends Per Share
TTM Yield
—
Consecutive Years Paid
— current
Consecutive Years of Growth
— current
| Date | Per Share | Yield % |
|---|---|---|
| 1970-02-02 | $0.0283 | 0.42% |
| 1970-05-04 | $0.1125 | 1.68% |
| 1970-08-03 | $0.1125 | 1.93% |
| 1970-11-06 | $0.1125 | 1.96% |
| 1971-02-01 | $0.1125 | 1.58% |
| 1971-05-03 | $0.1125 | 1.65% |
| 1971-08-02 | $0.1125 | 1.73% |
| 1971-11-01 | $0.0283 | 0.44% |
| 1972-01-31 | $0.1125 | 1.64% |
| 1972-05-01 | $0.1125 | 1.74% |
| 1972-07-31 | $0.1125 | 1.77% |
| 1972-10-30 | $0.1125 | 1.76% |
| 1973-02-01 | $0.1125 | 1.76% |
| 1973-05-03 | $0.1125 | 1.83% |
| 1973-08-02 | $0.1125 | 1.98% |
| 1973-10-31 | $0.1125 | 1.97% |
| 1974-01-31 | $0.1125 | 2.17% |
| 1974-08-01 | $0.0500 | 2.39% |
| 1974-10-30 | $0.0500 | 2.62% |
| 1975-02-05 | $0.0750 | 2.64% |
| 1975-05-01 | $0.0750 | 2.42% |
| 1975-07-31 | $0.0750 | 2.35% |
| 1975-11-05 | $0.0750 | 2.42% |
| 1976-02-05 | $0.1000 | 2.29% |
| 1976-05-06 | $0.1000 | 2.30% |
| 1976-08-05 | $0.1000 | 2.12% |
| 1976-11-04 | $0.1000 | 2.09% |
| 1977-02-03 | $0.1250 | 2.21% |
| 1977-05-05 | $0.1250 | 2.21% |
| 1977-08-04 | $0.1250 | 2.11% |
| 1977-11-03 | $0.0313 | 0.54% |
| 1978-02-02 | $0.1375 | 2.34% |
| 1978-05-04 | $0.1375 | 2.39% |
| 1978-08-03 | $0.1375 | 2.29% |
| 1978-11-01 | $0.1375 | 2.42% |
| 1979-02-01 | $0.1525 | 2.45% |
| 1979-05-03 | $0.1525 | 2.68% |
| 1979-08-02 | $0.1525 | 2.46% |
| 1979-10-31 | $0.1525 | 2.73% |
| 1980-01-31 | $0.1675 | 2.79% |
| 1980-05-01 | $0.1675 | 2.75% |
| 1980-07-31 | $0.1675 | 2.63% |
| 1980-11-05 | $0.1675 | 2.85% |
| 1981-02-05 | $0.0462 | 0.77% |
| 1981-05-07 | $0.1850 | 2.70% |
| 1981-08-06 | $0.1850 | 2.45% |
| 1981-11-04 | $0.1850 | 2.28% |
| 1982-02-09 | $0.2100 | 2.51% |
| 1982-05-06 | $0.2100 | 2.21% |
| 1982-08-05 | $0.2100 | 2.43% |
| 1982-11-03 | $0.2100 | 2.15% |
| 1983-02-03 | $0.2350 | 2.31% |
| 1983-05-05 | $0.2350 | 2.03% |
| 1983-08-04 | $0.2350 | 2.07% |
| 1983-11-02 | $0.2350 | 1.84% |
| 1984-02-02 | $0.2650 | 2.13% |
| 1984-05-03 | $0.2650 | 2.12% |
| 1984-08-02 | $0.2650 | 1.97% |
| 1984-10-31 | $0.2650 | 1.83% |
| 1985-01-31 | $0.3000 | 1.98% |
| 1985-05-02 | $0.3000 | 1.85% |
| 1985-08-01 | $0.3000 | 1.76% |
| 1985-10-31 | $0.3000 | 1.67% |
| 1986-02-12 | $0.3350 | 1.64% |
| 1986-05-08 | $0.3350 | 1.56% |
| 1986-08-07 | $0.3350 | 1.37% |
| 1986-11-13 | $0.3350 | 1.38% |
| 1987-02-11 | $0.3700 | 1.53% |
| 1987-05-07 | $0.3700 | 1.70% |
| 1987-08-13 | $0.3700 | 1.64% |
| 1987-11-12 | $0.3700 | 1.64% |
| 1988-05-12 | $0.4000 | 1.90% |
| 1988-08-11 | $0.4000 | 1.83% |
| 1988-11-09 | $0.4000 | 1.73% |
| 1989-02-09 | $0.4300 | 1.85% |
| 1989-05-11 | $0.4300 | 1.83% |
| 1989-08-10 | $0.4300 | 1.54% |
| 1989-11-09 | $0.4300 | 1.62% |
| 1990-02-08 | $0.4550 | 1.67% |
| 1990-05-10 | $0.4550 | 1.79% |
| 1990-08-09 | $0.4550 | 1.96% |
| 1990-11-07 | $0.4550 | 1.90% |
| 1991-02-07 | $0.4650 | 1.99% |
| 1991-05-09 | $0.4650 | 1.86% |
| 1991-08-08 | $0.4650 | 1.77% |
| 1991-11-06 | $0.4650 | 1.81% |
| 1992-02-12 | $0.4750 | 1.68% |
| 1992-05-07 | $0.4750 | 1.68% |
| 1992-08-13 | $0.4750 | 1.54% |
| 1992-11-12 | $0.4750 | 1.51% |
| 1993-02-10 | $0.4850 | 1.40% |
| 1993-05-13 | $0.4850 | 1.36% |
| 1993-08-12 | $0.4850 | 1.31% |
| 1993-11-10 | $0.4850 | 1.50% |
| 1994-02-10 | $0.5000 | 1.64% |
| 1994-05-12 | $0.5000 | 1.79% |
| 1994-08-11 | $0.5000 | 1.72% |
| 1994-11-09 | $0.5000 | 1.94% |
| 1995-02-09 | $0.5100 | 1.79% |
| 1995-05-11 | $0.5100 | 1.78% |
| 1995-08-14 | $0.5100 | 1.77% |
| 1995-11-13 | $0.5100 | 1.71% |
| 1996-02-12 | $0.5200 | 1.51% |
| 1996-05-13 | $0.5200 | 1.76% |
| 1996-08-12 | $0.5200 | 1.89% |
| 1996-11-08 | $0.5200 | 1.70% |
| 1997-02-14 | $0.5250 | 1.65% |
| 1997-05-12 | $0.5250 | 1.78% |
| 1997-08-11 | $0.5250 | 1.68% |
| 1997-11-17 | $0.5250 | 1.46% |
| 1998-02-13 | $0.5300 | 1.22% |
| 1998-05-11 | $0.5300 | 1.18% |
| 1998-08-17 | $0.5300 | 1.18% |
| 1998-11-16 | $0.5300 | 1.02% |
| 1999-02-12 | $0.5350 | 1.12% |
| 1999-05-17 | $0.5350 | 1.15% |
| 1999-08-16 | $0.5350 | 1.22% |
| 1999-11-15 | $0.5350 | 1.46% |
| 2000-02-14 | $0.5450 | 1.70% |
| 2000-05-15 | $0.5450 | 1.58% |
| 2000-08-14 | $0.5450 | 1.62% |
| 2000-11-13 | $0.5450 | 1.54% |
| 2001-02-12 | $0.5500 | 1.50% |
| 2001-05-14 | $0.5500 | 1.48% |
| 2001-08-13 | $0.5500 | 1.32% |
| 2001-11-09 | $0.5500 | 1.33% |
| 2002-02-11 | $0.5550 | 1.34% |
| 2002-05-13 | $0.5550 | 1.26% |
| 2002-08-12 | $0.5550 | 1.29% |
| 2002-11-08 | $0.5550 | 1.31% |
| 2003-02-10 | $0.5600 | 1.43% |
| 2003-05-12 | $0.5600 | 1.42% |
| 2003-08-11 | $0.5600 | 1.38% |
| 2003-11-07 | $0.5600 | 1.36% |
| 2004-02-09 | $0.5650 | 1.30% |
| 2004-05-10 | $0.5650 | 1.41% |
| 2004-08-09 | $0.5650 | 1.36% |
| 2004-11-08 | $0.5650 | 1.25% |
| 2005-02-14 | $0.5700 | 1.28% |
| 2005-05-16 | $0.5700 | 1.26% |
| 2005-08-15 | $0.5700 | 1.20% |
| 2005-11-14 | $0.5700 | 1.24% |
| 2006-02-13 | $0.5750 | 1.25% |
| 2006-05-11 | $0.5750 | 1.32% |
| 2006-08-14 | $0.5750 | 1.26% |
| 2006-11-13 | $0.5750 | 1.19% |
| 2007-02-12 | $0.5800 | 1.18% |
| 2007-05-14 | $0.5800 | 1.14% |
| 2007-08-13 | $0.5800 | 1.22% |
| 2007-11-09 | $0.5800 | 1.23% |
| 2008-02-11 | $0.5850 | 1.35% |
| 2008-05-12 | $0.5850 | 1.39% |
| 2008-08-11 | $0.5850 | 1.41% |
| 2008-11-07 | $0.5850 | 1.39% |
| 2009-02-13 | $0.5900 | 1.47% |
| 2009-05-11 | $0.5900 | 1.57% |
| 2009-08-17 | $0.5900 | 1.45% |
| 2009-11-16 | $0.5900 | 1.39% |
| 2010-02-12 | $0.5950 | 1.38% |
| 2010-05-10 | $0.5950 | 1.34% |
| 2010-08-16 | $0.5950 | 1.25% |
| 2010-11-15 | $0.5950 | 1.20% |
| 2011-02-14 | $0.6000 | 1.20% |
| 2011-05-16 | $0.6000 | 1.11% |
| 2011-08-15 | $0.6000 | 1.12% |
| 2011-11-14 | $0.6000 | 1.01% |
| 2012-02-13 | $0.6050 | 1.02% |
| 2012-05-14 | $0.6050 | 1.01% |
| 2012-08-13 | $0.6050 | 0.95% |
| 2012-11-09 | $0.6050 | 1.07% |
| 2013-02-11 | $0.6150 | 1.08% |
| 2013-05-13 | $0.6150 | 1.00% |
| 2013-08-12 | $0.6150 | 1.02% |
| 2013-11-08 | $0.6150 | 1.05% |
| 2014-02-10 | $0.6300 | 1.17% |
| 2014-05-12 | $0.6300 | 1.12% |
| 2014-08-11 | $0.6300 | 1.11% |
| 2014-11-07 | $0.6300 | 1.00% |
| 2015-02-13 | $0.6500 | 0.99% |
| 2015-05-18 | $0.6500 | 1.06% |
| 2015-08-17 | $0.6500 | 0.97% |
| 2015-11-16 | $0.6500 | 1.05% |
| 2016-02-12 | $0.6700 | 0.93% |
| 2016-05-16 | $0.6700 | 0.90% |
| 2016-08-15 | $0.6700 | 0.85% |
| 2016-11-14 | $0.6700 | 0.95% |
| 2017-02-13 | $0.6900 | 0.92% |
| 2017-05-15 | $0.6900 | 0.86% |
| 2017-08-14 | $0.6900 | 0.83% |
| 2017-11-14 | $0.6900 | 0.78% |
| 2018-02-13 | $0.7150 | 0.92% |
| 2018-05-15 | $0.7150 | 0.93% |
| 2018-08-14 | $0.7150 | 0.90% |
| 2018-11-13 | $0.7150 | 0.90% |
| 2019-02-12 | $0.7400 | 0.94% |
| 2019-05-14 | $0.7400 | 0.86% |
| 2019-08-13 | $0.7400 | 0.85% |
| 2019-11-12 | $0.7400 | 0.85% |
| 2020-02-18 | $0.7650 | 0.81% |
| 2020-05-12 | $0.7650 | 1.05% |
| 2020-08-18 | $0.7650 | 1.03% |
| 2020-11-17 | $0.7650 | 0.92% |
| 2021-02-16 | $0.7750 | 1.09% |
| 2021-05-18 | $0.7750 | 0.98% |
| 2021-08-17 | $0.7750 | 0.99% |
| 2021-11-16 | $0.7750 | 0.98% |
| 2022-02-15 | $0.7900 | 0.95% |
| 2022-05-17 | $0.7900 | 0.83% |
| 2022-08-16 | $0.7900 | 0.79% |
| 2022-11-15 | $0.7900 | 0.88% |
| 2023-02-14 | $0.8100 | 0.87% |
| 2023-05-16 | $0.8100 | 0.82% |
| 2023-08-15 | $0.8100 | 0.90% |
| 2023-11-14 | $0.8100 | 0.92% |
| 2024-02-13 | $0.8300 | 0.93% |
| 2024-05-14 | $0.8300 | 0.85% |
| 2024-08-14 | $0.8300 | 0.82% |
| 2024-11-13 | $0.8300 | 0.86% |
| 2025-02-19 | $0.8500 | 0.89% |
| 2025-05-14 | $0.8500 | 0.85% |
| 2025-08-13 | $0.8500 | 0.82% |
| 2025-11-19 | $0.8500 | 0.83% |
| 2026-02-18 | $0.8880 | 0.78% |
| Total | 223 payments |
Portfolio Dividend Returns
Based on $10,000 initial investment, 20% tax rate, 0.2% transaction cost. Showing 2021-04-14 to 2026-04-14. Change
| Date | Total Yield | Tax | Trans. Cost | Shares Bought |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-05-18 | $101.76 | $20.35 | $0.16 | 1.0451 |
| 2021-08-17 | $102.57 | $20.51 | $0.16 | 1.0602 |
| 2021-11-16 | $103.39 | $20.68 | $0.17 | 1.0649 |
| 2022-02-15 | $106.23 | $21.25 | $0.17 | 1.0425 |
| 2022-05-17 | $107.06 | $21.41 | $0.17 | 0.8950 |
| 2022-08-16 | $107.76 | $21.55 | $0.17 | 0.8602 |
| 2022-11-15 | $108.44 | $21.69 | $0.17 | 0.9652 |
| 2023-02-14 | $111.97 | $22.39 | $0.18 | 0.9813 |
| 2023-05-16 | $112.77 | $22.55 | $0.18 | 0.9330 |
| 2023-08-15 | $113.52 | $22.70 | $0.18 | 1.0337 |
| 2023-11-14 | $114.36 | $22.87 | $0.18 | 1.0089 |
| 2024-02-13 | $118.02 | $23.60 | $0.19 | 1.0872 |
| 2024-05-14 | $118.92 | $23.78 | $0.19 | 0.9825 |
| 2024-08-14 | $119.74 | $23.95 | $0.19 | 0.9478 |
| 2024-11-13 | $120.52 | $24.10 | $0.19 | 1.0086 |
| 2025-02-19 | $124.29 | $24.86 | $0.20 | 1.0417 |
| 2025-05-14 | $125.17 | $25.03 | $0.20 | 1.0067 |
| 2025-08-13 | $126.03 | $25.21 | $0.20 | 0.9707 |
| 2025-11-19 | $126.85 | $25.37 | $0.20 | 1.0090 |
| 2026-02-18 | $133.42 | $26.68 | $0.21 | 0.9544 |
| Total | $2302.79 | $460.56 | $3.68 | 19.8985 |
All calculations use split-adjusted closing prices. Dividends are reinvested on the ex-dividend date at that day's closing price.
For each rolling window, returns are calculated at every possible starting point:
return = (value[i] ÷ value[i − windowSize] − 1) × 100
- Windows
- 1-month = 21 trading days, 1-year = 252 trading days, 3-year = 756 trading days.
- Statistics
- Average: arithmetic mean. Median: middle value when sorted. Best / Worst: max and min. % Positive: share of windows with return > 0.
The series is segmented by calendar year:
return = (endValue ÷ startValue − 1) × 100
startValue is the last value of the prior year (or the first value for the initial year). Partial first/last years are flagged. Dividends, taxes, and transaction costs are scaled proportionally to the initial investment.